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The Indian Foreign Service ((ヒンディー語:भारतीय विदेश सेवा)) (abbreviated as IFS) is the administrative diplomatic〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 civil service under Group A〔(Complete Civil Service Schedule of the Civil Services Group A of India )." '' Civil Service Group A - Government of India'' 1 January 2011.〕 and Group B〔(Complete Civil Service Schedule of the Central Civil Services Group B of India )." ''Central Civil Service Group B - Government of India'' 1 January 2011.〕 of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. It is one of the two premier Civil Services (other being IAS) as appointment to IFS renders a person ineligible to reappear in Civil Services Examination.〔http://upsc.gov.in/exams/notifications/2014/csp/CSP%202014%20English.pdf〕 It is a Central Civil service as Foreign policy is the subject matter and prerogative of Union Government.〔http://www.constitution.org/cons/india/shed07.htm〕 The Ambassador, High Commissioner, Consul General, Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations and Foreign Secretary are some of the offices held by the members of this service.〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 The Indian Foreign Service holds the distinction of giving India its- President, Vice President, Speaker of Lok Sabha, Foreign Minister and many distinguished Statesmen in past and present. The service is entrusted to conduct diplomacy and manage foreign relations of India.〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 It is the body of career diplomats and representational officers serving in more than 169 Indian Diplomatic Missions and International Organisations around the world. In addition, they serve at the headquarters of the Ministry of External affairs in Delhi and the Prime Minister's Office.〔http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sanjeev-kumar-singla-appointed-ps-to-pm-narendra-modi/article1-1242668.aspx〕 They also head the Regional Passport Offices throughout the country and hold positions in the President's Secretariat and several ministries. Foreign Secretary of India is the administrative head of the Indian Foreign Service. IFS was created by the Government of India in October 1946 but its roots can be traced back to the British Raj when the Foreign Department was created to conduct business with the "Foreign European Powers".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm )〕 IFS Day is celebrated on October 9 every year since 2011 to commemorate the day the Indian Cabinet created the IFS.〔 Officers of the IFS are recruited by the Government of India on the recommendation of the Union Public Service Commission. Fresh recruits to the IFS are trained at the Foreign Service Institute (FSI) after a brief foundation course at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, Mussoorie.〔http://meafsi.gov.in/〕 ==History== On 13 September 1783, the board of directors of the East India Company passed a resolution at Fort William, Calcutta (now Kolkata), to create a department, which could help "relieve the pressure" on the Warren Hastings administration in conducting its "secret and political business."〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 Although established by the Company, the Indian Foreign Department conducted business with foreign European powers.〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 From the very beginning, a distinction was maintained between the ''foreign'' and ''political'' functions of the Foreign Department; relations with all "Asiatic powers" (including native princely states) were treated as ''political'', while relations with European powers were treated as ''foreign''.〔(Indian Foreign Service: A Backgrounder )〕 In 1843, the Governor-General of India, Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough carried out administrative reforms, organizing the Secretariat of the Government into four departments: Foreign, Home, Finance, and Military. Each was headed by a secretary-level officer. The Foreign Department Secretary was entrusted with the "conduct of all correspondence belonging to the external and internal diplomatic relations of the government."〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 The Government of India Act 1935 attempted to delineate more clearly functions of the foreign and political wings of the Foreign Department, it was soon realized that it was administratively imperative to completely bifurcate the department. Consequently, the External Affairs Department was set up separately under the direct charge of the Governor-General. The idea of establishing a separate diplomatic service to handle the external activities of the government of India originated from a note dated 30 September 1944, recorded by Lieutenant-General T. J. Hutton, the Secretary of the Planning and Development Department.〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 When this note was referred to the Department of External Affairs for comments, Olaf Caroe, the Foreign Secretary, recorded his comments in an exhaustive note detailing the scope, composition and functions of the proposed service. Caroe pointed out that as India emerged as autonomous, it was imperative to build up a system of representation abroad that would be in complete harmony with the objectives of the future government.〔http://www.mea.gov.in/indian-foreign-service.htm〕 On 9 October 1946,〔"The Indian Foreign Service:Then & Now", Indian Foreign Affairs Journal: Vol. 2, No. 2, April–June 2007〕 on the eve of Indian independence, the Indian government established the Indian Foreign Service for India's diplomatic, consular and commercial representation overseas. With independence, there was a near-complete transition of the Foreign and Political Department into what then became the new Ministry of External Affairs and Commonwealth Relations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Indian Foreign Service」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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